Posts Tagged ‘exposure’
How to Protect Your Skin
July 19th, 2012 | 
Author: 
There are many things that can be done in order to protect your skin from damage. This is especially the case when it comes to damage which can occur from exposure to UV rays, such as what you get when you are out in the sun. Of course, most people are familiar with the fact that it is important to use a high quality product, such as NIA24 sunscreen or Elta Sunscreen by At-Home Med Spa when they are going to be outdoors for an extended amount of time. In some cases, something even stronger may be necessary, such as La Roche Posay Sunblock. Regardless of which of the products you decide to use on your skin, it is vitally important that you choose one which is good for the skin. Why is this so important?
Most people will go to great lengths to make sure that they are protecting their skin from the damage that can occur with exposure to the sun. The last thing that you would want to do is to cause additional damage to your skin by putting something unhealthy on it in an effort to protect it from UV rays. Keep in mind, when you put something on your skin, it is going to absorb into the skin and it stands a great chance of getting into the bloodstream. If you use something natural, you will not need to worry about the effects that it could cause but if you use an unnatural chemical, it could end up causing problems for some individuals. Make sure that you choose the sunblock that you use wisely and you may experience fewer problems as a result.
Diagnostic Procedures in Immunology
The available immunological tests are rather crude, and quantitative analysis is often difficult. In many instances, they are the only means of diagnosis. Some of the important diagnostic tests are: precipitation, flocculation, agglutination, hemagglutination, reverse passive hemagglutination, complement fixation and immunoflurescence.
Serum sickness (systemic-immune complex disease)
This is produced as a result of circulating immune complexes. The biological effects and inflammatory potential of circulating immune complexes depend on the nature of the antibodies and antigen as well as the molar ration of the two reactants. The magnitude and duration of antigens exposure is also important. The manifestations are transient if the exposure to the antigen is short, but if supply of the antigen is continued, immune complexes are continuously formed and serum sickness-like reaction follows. Main lesions are in the glomeruli, choroid plexus, synovium, inflammation due to deposition of immune complexes.
Apart from the introduction of external protein antigens, and viral infections, drugs like penicillin and other drugs are more often responsible for this condition in man. The antibodies are initially of IgG type and a type III reaction occurs. Later IgE antibodies are formed and a type I reaction may also occur.
clinical features: About 7-14 days after the injection of serum or exposure to the offending drug, the disease starts with fever, arrhalgia, periarthritis, urtricarial or morbilliform rashes and lymphadenopathy. Myocarditis may occur rarely. Glomerulonephritis is rare in humans. Peripheral neuropathy is a late sequel. The condition otherwise is self-limiting.
Treatment: Withdrawal of the offending agent gives relief in mild cases. Antihistamines are prednisolone in a dose of 1mg/Kg body weight may be required in severe cases. Corticosteriods are indicated if there is myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy. Serum sickness may be partially prevented by giving large doses of cyproheptadine (0.7 mg/Kg per day) or hydroxyzine (5 mg/Kg/day) along with the serum.
Posted in Immunology | 
Tags: complement fixation, exposure, immunological tests, reaction | 
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