Archive for the ‘Immunology’ Category
Diagnostic Procedures in Immunology
The available immunological tests are rather crude, and quantitative analysis is often difficult. In many instances, they are the only means of diagnosis. Some of the important diagnostic tests are: precipitation, flocculation, agglutination, hemagglutination, reverse passive hemagglutination, complement fixation and immunoflurescence.
Serum sickness (systemic-immune complex disease)
This is produced as a result of circulating immune complexes. The biological effects and inflammatory potential of circulating immune complexes depend on the nature of the antibodies and antigen as well as the molar ration of the two reactants. The magnitude and duration of antigens exposure is also important. The manifestations are transient if the exposure to the antigen is short, but if supply of the antigen is continued, immune complexes are continuously formed and serum sickness-like reaction follows. Main lesions are in the glomeruli, choroid plexus, synovium, inflammation due to deposition of immune complexes.
Apart from the introduction of external protein antigens, and viral infections, drugs like penicillin and other drugs are more often responsible for this condition in man. The antibodies are initially of IgG type and a type III reaction occurs. Later IgE antibodies are formed and a type I reaction may also occur.
clinical features: About 7-14 days after the injection of serum or exposure to the offending drug, the disease starts with fever, arrhalgia, periarthritis, urtricarial or morbilliform rashes and lymphadenopathy. Myocarditis may occur rarely. Glomerulonephritis is rare in humans. Peripheral neuropathy is a late sequel. The condition otherwise is self-limiting.
Treatment: Withdrawal of the offending agent gives relief in mild cases. Antihistamines are prednisolone in a dose of 1mg/Kg body weight may be required in severe cases. Corticosteriods are indicated if there is myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy. Serum sickness may be partially prevented by giving large doses of cyproheptadine (0.7 mg/Kg per day) or hydroxyzine (5 mg/Kg/day) along with the serum.
A Few Facts About Allergy Asthma Immunology
When looking at allergy asthma immunology, it is all important to be cognizant that there are some vaccines one should have already or should go to acquire, in order to chant up the resistant system and hold it from making out, particularly during an allergic reaction or bronchial asthma attack.
If one is concerned in getting more data about allergy asthma immunology, there are various resources on hand that one can take vantage of to find out more. There is the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology for reference. They give the entire info one could likely want to get it on this field area, all things from assist on how to help one to find an allergist or immunologist to compositions of the month. Their field of the month for the particular month for instance focuses on food allergic reaction on a stick, and the perils of summer eating.
They talk about how for the millions of Americans with food allergic reaction, avoidance of special foods are necessary for safely crunching their way by summer events. They elevate the fact that anybody with food allergy moving to state fairs, concert consequences, and even family outings should be very cautious with what they are eating up and how the food has been cooked.
Another one may one want to check into is the Allergy and Asthma Clinic. They are an excellent institution, one that takes particular pride in the fact that they give care to those little particulars that they know will assist individual the most.
They give a good deal of data on medication in special, as there are rather a lot of various medications that can be very great in assisting to facilitate the allergy indicants. They hope to get the news out on which medications is sound to absorb and those which one should fend off, to make sure of best health.
Allergies and bronchus asthma can both be very difficult to deal and live with, as the millions of ill people round the earth know, but as long as one take suitable care of them and check them systematically to stay up to the minute with treatments, one should be able to deal with the allergies and live a healthful and natural life.